Missouri Becomes First State to Eliminate Capital Gains Tax

JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. — Missouri has officially made history by becoming the first U.S. state to eliminate state capital gains taxes for individual taxpayers, a move supporters say could transform the state’s economy and attract investors, entrepreneurs, and retirees from across the country.

The new law allows eligible Missouri residents to deduct 100% of federally reported capital gains from their Missouri taxable income. That includes profits earned from the sale of:

Stocks
Cryptocurrency
Real estate
Mutual funds
Other capital assets

While investors will still owe federal capital gains taxes, Missouri’s state portion of those taxes is effectively gone for qualifying individuals. The change applies beginning with the 2026 tax year (covering gains earned in qualifying tax years under the new law and claimed on the appropriate Missouri return).

Why This Matters

Capital gains taxes have long been criticized by many economists and investors as discouraging investment because gains are taxed when assets are sold.

Supporters argue Missouri’s new policy could:

Encourage more investing
Attract businesses and startups
Bring high-net-worth individuals into the state
Encourage retirees to relocate
Increase venture capital activity

Republican lawmakers behind the legislation believe removing taxes on investment profits will make Missouri one of the most competitive states for wealth creation.

Stocks, Crypto and Real Estate All Benefit

Unlike some tax changes that focus on one asset class, Missouri’s deduction broadly covers federally recognized capital gains.

That means gains from:

Selling Apple or Nvidia stock
Bitcoin or Ethereum investments
Rental properties
Investment land
Business ownership interests

can all potentially qualify for the Missouri subtraction, assuming the gains are reported for federal tax purposes.

Missouri Is Breaking New Ground

Several states—including Texas, Florida, Tennessee, Nevada and Wyoming—already have no state capital gains tax because they don’t levy a state income tax at all.

Missouri is different.

It still has a state income tax, but it has carved out an exemption specifically for capital gains, making it the first state to eliminate that portion of its income tax while keeping the broader income tax system in place for individuals.

Not Everyone Loves the Idea

Critics argue the benefits won’t be shared equally.

Economic analysts note that higher-income households generally realize the majority of taxable capital gains. Opponents also warn the state could lose hundreds of millions of dollars in annual tax revenue, potentially affecting funding for education, infrastructure and other public services if economic growth doesn’t offset the reduction.

Supporters counter that lower taxes attract investment, create jobs and ultimately expand the tax base enough to compensate for the lost revenue.

Could Other States Follow?

Missouri’s move could become a blueprint for other Republican-led states looking to compete for businesses and investors.

Several states are already discussing broader tax reform, and Missouri lawmakers are now considering additional proposals that would further reduce—or eventually eliminate—the state’s individual income tax altogether.

If Missouri sees increased economic growth and population gains over the next several years, expect lawmakers elsewhere to take notice.

The Bottom Line

Whether you see it as smart economic policy or a tax break that primarily benefits investors, Missouri has unquestionably entered the national spotlight.

For investors, especially those with significant gains in stocks, cryptocurrency or real estate, the change could mean substantial state tax savings.

It also raises a bigger question:

Will tax competition between states become the next battleground for attracting people, businesses and wealth?

Missouri just made the first move.